F-2103

The F-2103 is an automatic digital military telegraph exchange, designed by ICSITA, made by Electromagnetica in Bucharest [1]. It was the first automatic digital telegraph exchange in the Warsaw Pact armies; it used integrated circuits and microprocessors, worked in encrypted mode, and was ‘transparent’: every connector served as input or output for all types of telegraph lines (two- or four-wire, single or double current) [1]. Completed at the end of the 1980s, it was tested in the field and accepted by the army, but economic and political conditions did not allow series production; in 1991–1992 Electromagnetica received enquiries from Czechoslovakia and Moldova that did not lead to contracts [1].

Its modules gave 16, 32 or 48 subscribers, for stationary or mobile signal centres at division, corps and army level; teleprinter subscribers were called by alphanumeric call signs whatever the line or channel, all line types entered a single input whose type the operator stored in the computer memory, and the lines were multiplexed and switched by special software [2]. Electromagnetica built the experimental model and the prototype, which were approved [2].